Given the multifaceted role of TGF-β in cancer and non-communicable diseases, understanding the landscape of TGF-β therapies is essential for advancing therapeutic development and improving patient outcomes. Since July 2023, 6 TGF-β assets have entered the clinic, with an additional 12 assets having advanced further in clinical trials, underscoring the sustained interest and investment in advancing therapeutic interventions targeting the TGF-β pathway.